“The Effect of Cognitive Training with Neurofeedback on Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” is a study to examine the beneficial effects of CTNF in healthy adults using a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.
Cognitive training aims to improve cognitive function through cognitive tasks or training games, and neurofeedback is a technique to monitor brain signals with either visual or auditory feedback. Previous studies have suggested that a combination of cognitive training and neurofeedback has a superior effect on cognitive functions compared with only cognitive training alone; however, no systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the benefits of cognitive training with neurofeedback (CTNF) exist.
A multi-level meta-analysis was performed with three NIRS studies including 166 participants (mean ages ranged from 21.43 to 65.96 years) which revealed that CTNF has a beneficial effect on the episodic, long-term and working memory domains. Based on the results, it was concluded that CTNF using NIRS would lead to improvements in memory functioning and that this study was the first to demonstrate with scientific evidence that CTNF has a superior effect on cognitive improvements in healthy adults compared with other types of intervention training.

[Image: Effect estimates and a forest plot of cognitive training with neurofeedback (CTNF) on (A) episodic/long-term memory, (B) executive function, and (C) working memory.]

[Image: Effect estimates and forest plot of cognitive training with neurofeedback (CTNF) on (A) short-term memory, (B) processing speed, (C) attention, and (D) visuo-spatial performance.]

Publication Details:
Title: The Effect of Cognitive Training with Neurofeedback on Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yutaka Matsuzaki, Rui Nouchi, Kohei Sakaki, Jérôme Dinet, Ryuta Kawashima
Journal: Healthcare
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060843